reviews bone classifications with their associated features, functions, and examples. The patellae (singular = patella) are the only sesamoid bones found in common with every person. Sesamoid bones vary in number and placement from person to person but are typically found in tendons associated with the feet, hands, and knees. Flat bones form by membranous bone formation, whereas long bones are formed by a. The sesamoid bones protect tendons by helping them overcome compressive forces. Irregular bones include the vertebrae, sacrum, coccyx, and hyoid bone. Flat bones serve as points of attachment for muscles and often protect internal organs. Examples include the cranial (skull) bones, the scapulae (shoulder blades), the sternum (breastbone), and the ribs. These bones form in tendons (the sheaths of tissue that connect bones to muscles) where a great deal of pressure is generated in a joint. The term flat bone is somewhat of a misnomer because, although a flat bone is typically thin, it is also often curved. Original Magnification Glenoid Fossa Flat Bone. There is also a notch on each side through which the spinal nerves, which serve the body at that level, can exit from the spinal cord.A sesamoid bone is a small, round bone that, as the name suggests, is shaped like a sesame seed. Their vascularization is analogous to that of the much thicker flat bones of the cranial vault. (credit a: modification of work by Uwe Gille based on original work by Gray's Anatomy credit b: modification of work by NCI, NIH)Įach vertebral body has a large hole in the center through which the nerves of the spinal cord pass. (b) Spinal curves increase the strength and flexibility of the spine. \): (a) The vertebral column consists of seven cervical vertebrae (C1–7) twelve thoracic vertebrae (Th1–12), five lumbar vertebrae (L1–5), the os sacrum, and the coccyx.
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